Презентация на тему «Muhammad Proclaims a New Faith»

Muhammad Proclaims a New Faith

key words

A brilliant and militant new civilization rises out of the Arabian desert

Triumphant return

630 CE: Muhammad and his “Muslim” followers enter Mecca after their 8 year exile in Yathrib aka Medina

Key words

Islam Muslim (Moslem) Prophet Quran (Koran) Mecca Medina (Yathrib) Pillars of Islam Hijrah (Hegira) Kaaba (ka’ba, etc.) caliph

jihad Greater Lesser Sunni Shi’ite Umayyad Damascus Abbasid Baghdad Sharia

Holy city

Right: Mecca as it would have appeared around the time of his birth (below)

Mecca (cont

Note the ka’aba in the background at the center of the city

First marriage

c. 595 Khadijah

Divine intervention

c. 610 Muhammad and the angel Gabriel

The Hegira

Flight to Yathrib 16 July 622 (Year One) Note that Muhammad’s head is covered….

The first Muslims

Early followers of the Prophet pondering his words at Yathrib aka Medina Muhammad gave daily recitations of the messages he believed came from Allah which his followers faithfully recorded

The Book of Books

The Qur’an 114 chapters (suras)

An intense monotheism

Right: the Koranic script representing the one God “There is one God, and Muhammad is his prophet.”

Daily prayer

Islam’s “Second Pillar”

Military leader

The Muslim army is here seen advancing toward battle with the Meccans at Badr (624) Other battles Mount Uhud Battle of the Ditch

Jihad

A very powerful concept

Return to Mecca

What policies did Muhammad adopt that allowed him to gain the general support of the people of the city? including the leading merchant families

Dome of the Rock

Muhammad is believed to have risen to heaven from this spot

Successors

Muhammad and the “rightly guided caliphs” Abu Bakr Umar (Omar) Uthman Ali Sunni and Shi’ite

Muhammad’s Arabia

The Islamic Empire